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《科学》 2026年10月8日 · 中文解读

基拉韦厄火山持续一年多的间歇性熔岩喷泉活动观察

Insights from more than a year of ongoing episodic lava fountaining at Kīlauea · A. F. Flinders et al.
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2024年12月23日,夏威夷基拉韦厄火山口哈莱马乌马乌开始新一轮间歇性熔岩喷泉喷发,至2026年9月已产生54次喷发幕,为基拉韦厄有记录以来最多。研究团队整合地震、次声、形变、气体、卫星与地球化学等多参数观测,发现每次喷发都始于山顶重新膨胀接近逐渐演化的倾斜阈值,据此可对喷发开始时间作出定量预报。喷泉高度最高达约480米,火山灰最远影响下风向约70公里处的社区与道路。
原文开头
A. F. Flinders* et al. INTRODUCTION: Lava fountains are among the most striking expressions of basaltic volcanism, ejecting gas and molten magma hundreds of meters above a vent and often feeding lava flows. Lava fountaining is best known from Hawaii, Italy, and Iceland, although analogous eruptions have been inferred on the Moon and Jupiter’s moon Io. Fountaining occurs at basaltic volcanoes worldwide, but protracted episodic fountaining, in which hours- long episodes alternate with pauses lasting days to weeks, is exceptionally rare. Before 2024, only three episodic fountaining eruptions had been documented at Kīlauea, Hawaii, since 1823. On 23 December 2024, a new sequence began within Halemaʻumaʻu at Kīlauea’s summit. …
摘自《科学》(Science)2026年10月8日,A. F. Flinders et al.。仅引用开头一小段供了解文章,版权归原刊所有,全文请阅读原刊。
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