跨物种心脏基因组与单细胞多组学进化图谱

The heart has undergone extensive evolutionary adaptation, yet a comprehensive understanding of its genomic and cellular evolution across broad phylogenetic scales remains lacking. Existing cardiac research relies heavily on humans and model organisms such as mice and zebrafish, whereas the underrepresentation of groups like mollusks has hindered a holistic perspective on cardiac origins and evolutionary mechanisms (8, 62–64). This study addresses this gap by analyzing 27 species across arthropods, mollusks, and chordates, including previously overlooked groups and two protochordates (amphioxus and sea squirt). Our sampling covers diverse heart structures, from tubular to multichambered hearts, and adaptations to aquatic, terrestrial, and aerial environments, offering insights into the ancestral bilaterian heart and the molecular basis of its evolution. …