掌控“隐藏”摩擦

How to master ‘hidden’ friction Controlling friction caused by electron interactions could make machines more efficient Karmela Padavic-Callaghan PARTS of devices that are perfectly smooth can still experience friction because of the electrons within them, but a new method may enable researchers to turn it down or fully turn it off. Controlling this electronic friction could help build more efficient and long-lasting devices. The force of friction opposes motion, dissipates energy and exists everywhere around us. Within machines such as engines, friction wastes energy and causes wear, so it must be fought with lubricants and surface engineering. Yet, some friction can persist regardless of those methods because objects are full of electrons, which interact with each other. …