化石能源的最小可行规模

Networked fossil fuel infrastructure, such as in this oil field near McKittrick in California’s Central Valley, can face nonintuitive failure modes as the size of the system declines. ENERGY TRANSITION Fossil energy minimum viable scale Unseen infrastructural threats to safety and decarbonization may arise as fossil energy systems are phased out Joshua Lappen and Emily Grubert T he nascent global energy transition involves two parallel, mirrored processes: the retirement of existing fossil fuel– based infrastructure, and the widespread deployment of alternatives in its stead. Most energy transition research and policy have focused on the latter process of develop- ment, adoption, and buildout. …