美国贸易制裁与中国企业对科学的参与

Science drives corporate innovation not only by solving immediate technical problems but also by serving as a “map” that clarifies the causal mechanisms underlying technological advances (1, 2). Although firms increasingly rely on this scientific foundation to expand their capabilities, it is unclear how they reconfigure their engagement with science when sudden external shocks disrupt their access to established technology networks. This question is especially salient in China, where firms are increasingly pursuing technological innovation while facing escalating US-China geopolitical tensions and restricted knowledge flows (3, 4). Our analyses below reveal that US trade sanctions have generated consequences that US policy-makers may not have fully anticipated. …