《科学》 第393卷 第6812期 · 2026年8月13日 · 中文解读
追踪核碰撞中的重子数
Tracking the baryon number with nuclear collisions · Unknown
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STAR合作组通过测量等压核碰撞中的重子数与电荷数之差之比以及光子核碰撞中的净质子产额,发现实验结果不支持价夸克携带重子数的传统图像。
原文开头
The phenomenon of “baryon transport” in high-energy nuclear collisions, referring to the way the baryon number is moved around in the momentum space, provides a potential tool to identify the carrier of the baryon number (6, 16, 17). In these collisions, excesses of baryons over antibaryons have been observed at mid-rapidity (y ∼ 0) in the center-of-mass frame; here rapidity (y) is defined as STAR Collaboration* Baryon quantum number is found to be conserved since baryogenesis in the early universe. Conventionally, each fractionally charged valence quark is understood to carry one-third of a baryon number. An alternative hypothesis posits that baryon number is instead carried by a baryon junction—a nonperturbative, Y-shaped gluonic configuration. Neither scenario has been verified experimentally. …
摘自《科学》(Science)第393卷 第6812期 · 2026年8月13日,Unknown。仅引用开头一小段供了解文章,版权归原刊所有,全文请阅读原刊。

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