SWOT卫星探测到2025年堪察加地震近海沟源产生的色散海啸

Ignacio Sepúlveda1*, Bjarke Nilsson2, Yao Yu3, Matías Carvajal4,5, Matthew Brandin3, Alice-Agnes Gabriel3,6, David Sandwell3 Tsunamis from large subduction earthquakes pose severe coastal hazards, yet their genesis near the trench remains poorly constrained by land-based seismic geodetic data and distant deep-water sensors. Following the 29 July 2025 magnitude 8.8 Kamchatka earthquake, the NASA/CNES Surface Water and Ocean Topography (SWOT) satellite captured a distinct train of short-wavelength tsunami waves, which we link to near-trench tsunamigenesis. Sensitivity analyses of earthquake slip indicated tsunamigenesis within 10 kilometers of the trench, an inference not attainable from land seismology and geodesy or sparse deep-water seafloor pressure records alone. …