美国大学恢复口试以应对AI时代的学习评估挑战

As generative AI tools become deeply embedded in student workflows, universities across the United States are reviving an academic format that predates the written exam itself: the oral defense. Professors and administrators say the return to spoken examinations — whether in the form of Socratic questioning, live defenses, or structured interviews — reflects growing concern that written assignments alone can no longer reliably measure authentic learning. The shift marks one of the clearest structural responses yet to the rapid rise of AI-generated coursework. While tools capable of drafting essays, solving equations, and summarizing complex research have become widely accessible, faculty members increasingly question whether submitted work represents genuine comprehension. …