利用图论解码纳米粒子组装中的集体动力学与复杂性

Full article and list of author affiliations: https://doi.org/10.1126/ science.aeb5134 Jonas Hallstrom†, Puquan Pan†, Jayson Sia† et al. INTRODUCTION: Nanoparticles (NPs) occupy a unique intermediate scale between molecules and colloids, exhibiting self-assembly behaviors that combine characteristics of both but remain fundamentally distinct, often resulting in complex structures that combine order and disorder. These partially organized states, including chains, clusters, pores, and low-density networks, are critical for technological applications yet remain challenging to quantify using traditional symmetry-based descriptors. A general methodology to quantitatively describe these low-order, low-density states is essential for advancing applications that exploit their optical, mechanical, and electrical properties. …